Titanium is an important structural metal developed in the 1950s. Titanium alloys are widely used in various fields because of their high strength, good corrosion resistance, and high heat resistance. Many countries in the world have recognized the importance of titanium alloy materials, more and more people researched and developed them, and obtained practical applications.
The first practical titanium alloy was the Ti-6Al-4V alloy successfully developed in the United States in 1954. Because it has good heat resistance, strength, plasticity, toughness, formability, weldability, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. It has become the ace alloy in the titanium alloy industry, and the usage of this alloy has accounted for 75% to 85% of all titanium alloys. Many other titanium alloys can be regarded as modifications of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
In the 1950s and 1960s, it mainly developed high-temperature titanium alloys for aero-engines and structural titanium alloys for airframes. In the 1970s, a batch of corrosion-resistant titanium alloys were developed. Since the 1980s, corrosion-resistant titanium alloys and high-strength titanium alloys have been further developed. The service temperature of heat-resistant titanium alloys has increased from 400°C to 600-650°C in the 1990s. The emergence of A2 and r-based alloys has made the use of titanium in the engine's use parts be pushed from the cold end of the engine (fan and compressor) to the hot end (turbine) of the engine. Structural titanium alloys are developing in the direction of high strength, high plasticity, high strength and high toughness, high modulus and high damage tolerance. In addition, since the 1970s, shape memory alloys such as Ti-Ni, Ti-Ni-Fe, and Ti-Ni-Nb have been discovered, and have been increasingly widely used in engineering.
At present, hundreds of titanium alloys have been developed in the world, and the most famous alloys has 20-30 types, such as Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, Ti-2Al-2.5Zr, Ti-32Mo, Ti-Mo-Ni, Ti-Pd, SP-700, Ti-6242, Ti-10-5-3, Ti-1023, BT9, BT20, IMI829, etc.
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